Collaborative Authoring Resources

This page contains a list of papers and Web sites on the topic of collaborative authoring, with an emphasis on remote collaborative authoring. This research area is also known as computer-supported collaborative writing, cooperative writing, cooperative editing, shared editing, group editing, and probably others. If you know of any remote collaborative authoring resources that are not reported on this page, please let me know.

Collaborative Authoring Systems

CES

Atomic Data Abstractions in a Distributed Collaborative Editing System
I. Grief, R. Seliger, W. Weihl, Proc. 13th Annual Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, 1986, pages 160-172.

Design and Implementation of a Distributed Program for Collaborative Editing
Robert Seliger, Master's Thesis, MIT, September, 1985. Also available as Laboratory for Computer Science Technical Report TR-350.

A case study of CES: a distributed collaborative editing system implemented in Argus
Irene Greif, Robert Seliger, William Weihl, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 18, No. 9, September, 1992, pages 827 - 839.

Quilt

Collaborative Document Production Using Quilt
M. D. P. Leland, R. S. Fish, R. E. Kraut, Proc. CSCW'88, Portland, Oregon, 1988, pages 206-215.

Quilt: A Collaborative Tool for Cooperative Writing
M. Cohen, R. Fish, R. Kraut, M. Leland, Proc. ACM SIGOIS Conference, 1988, pages 30-37.

Shared Books

Shared books: collaborative publication managemenr for an office information system
Brian T. Lewis, Jeffrey D. Hodges, Proc. ACM SIGOIS Conference, 1988, pages 197-204.

Grove

Concurrency Control in Groupware Systems
C. A. Ellis, S. J. Gibbs, Proc. ACM SIGMOD'89 Conference on the Management of Data, Seattle, WA, 1989, pages 399-407.
Describes the Grove system, and the dOPT concurrency control algorithm.

CSCM (Communication via Shared Conceptual Memory

Communication via Shared Conceptual Memory, Applied to Joint Editing
Frank Eliassen, Ingrid Nordli, Thore Danielsen, in Message Handling Systems and Distributed Applications, ed. by E. Stefferud, O.-J. Jacobsen, and P. Schicker, Proceedings of the IFIP TC 6/WG 6.5 Working Conference on Message Handling Systems and Distributed Applications, October 10-12, 1988, Costa Mesa, CA, pages 383-398.

PREP, Networked PREP

Issues in the Design of Computer Support for Co-authoring and Commenting
Christine M. Neuwirth, David S. Kaufer, Ravinder Chandhok, James H. Morris, Proc. CSCW'90, October 7-10, 1990, Los Angeles, pages 183-195.
Describes the PREP system.

Flexible Diff-ing in a Collaborative Writing System
Christine M. Neuwirth, Ravinder Chandhok, David S. Kaufer, Paul Erion, James Morris, Dale Miller, Proc. CSCW'92, Oct. 31-Nov. 4, 1992, Toronto, Canada, pages 147-154.
The emphasis of this paper is definitely on differencing, with PREP implementing the flexible diferencing.

Computer Support for Distributed Collaborative Writing: Defining Parameters of Interaction
Christine M. Neuwirth, David S. Kaufer, Ravinder Chandhok, James H. Morris, Proc. CSCW'94, Chapel Hill, NC, Oct. 22-26, 1994, pages 145-152.
Describes the networked PREP system.

Accommodating Mixed Sensory/Modal Preferences in Collaborative Writing Systems
David S. Kaufer, Christine M. Neuwirth, Ravinder Chandhok, James Morris, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, An International Journal (Special issue on Computer-Supported Collaborative Writing, ed. B. C. Bruce, M. Sharples), Vol. 3, Nos. 3-4, 1995, pages 271-296.

GroupWriter

A minimalist approach to the development of a word processor supporting group writing activities
Nicholas Malcolm , Brian R. Gaines, ACM SIGOIS Bulletin, v.12 n.2-3, also Proc. Conference on Organizational Computing Systems, Nov. 1991, pages 147-152.

ShrEdit

ShrEdit 1.0: A Shared Editor for Macintosh
L. McGuffin and G. Olson, Cognitive Science and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Technical Report #45, University of Michigan, 1992.
This technical report is not easily available. Discussion, and a screen shot, can be found in Dourish & Bellotti's CSCW'92 paper.

Unblocking Brainstorming Through the Use of a Simple Group Editor
Charles McLaughlin Hymes, Gary M. Olson, Proc. 1992 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'92), Toronto, Ontario, pp. 99-106, 1992.

SEPIA

Supporting Collaborative Writing of Hyperdocuments in SEPIA
Jörg M. Haake, Brian Wilson, Proc. CSCW'92, Nov. 1-4, 1992, Toronto, Canada, pages 138-146.

MESSIE

Support for Collaborative Authoring via Email: The MESSIE Environment
Martina A. Sasse, Mark J. Handley, Shaw C. Chuang, Proc. Third European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Sept. 13-17, 1993, Milan, Italy, pages 249-264.

COOPerator

Co-writing, Look and Feel
Sjoerd Michels, Master's Thesis, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands, September 16, 1995.
Thesis is only available on the Web, no print version exists.

Duplex

Duplex: A Distributed Collaborative Editing Environment in Large Scale
Francois Paçull, Alain Sandoz, André Schiper, Proc. CSCW'94, Chapel Hill, NC, Oct. 22-26, 1994, pages 165-173.

AF Email Annotator

Collaborative Document Annotation using Electronic Mail
Dan Diaper, Martin Beer, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, An International Journal (Special issue on Computer-Supported Collaborative Writing, ed. B. C. Bruce, M. Sharples), Vol. 3, Nos. 3-4, 1995, pages 297-326.

Small Scale Collaborative Writing Using Electronic Mail
Dan Diaper, in CSCW in Practice: An Introduction and Case Studies (eds. D. Diaper and C. Sanger), Springer-Verlag, pages 69-92.
Unverified, I found this article in the references list of another article.

MUCH (Multiple Using and Creating Hypertext)

Comparative Study on the Effects of Groupware and Conventional Technologies on the Efficiency of Collaborative Writing
Antonios Michailidis, Roy Rada, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, An International Journal (Special issue on Computer-Supported Collaborative Writing, ed. B. C. Bruce, M. Sharples), Vol. 3, Nos. 3-4, 1995, pages 327-358.

Contact

Contact: Support for Distributed Cooperative Writing
Andrew Kirby, Tom Rodden, Proc. Fourth European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Sept. 10-14, 1995, Stockholm, Sweden, pages 101-116.

IRIS

Design Issues and Model for a Distributed Multi-User Editor
Michael Koch, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, An International Journal (Special issue on Computer-Supported Collaborative Writing, ed. B. C. Bruce, M. Sharples), Vol. 3, Nos. 3-4, 1995, pages 359-378.

MILO

Identification and use of guidelines for the design of computer supported collaborative writing tools
Steve Jones, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, An International Journal (Special issue on Computer-Supported Collaborative Writing, ed. B. C. Bruce, M. Sharples), Vol. 3, Nos. 3-4, 1995, pages 379-404.

Network Text Editor

Network Text Editor (NTE), A scalable shared text editor for the MBone
Mark Handley, Jon Crowcroft, Proc. ACM SIGCOMM'97, Sept. 14-18, 1997, Cannes, France, p. 197-208.

User Guide for NTE v1.7.0
Computer Science Dept., University College London, May 21, 1999.

Network Text Editor Web Site

NTE uses the MBONE (multicast backbone) to communicate among running instances of NTE.

Hydra

Hydra Editor Web Site

Collaborative WinFold

WinFold: A Folding Editor for Collaborative Writing
Y. K. Leung, G. Wilson, Proc. Fifth Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications and Fourth Optoelectronics and Communications Conference, October, 1999, pp. 1073-1078.

Concord

Group Authoring in CONCORD, A DB-based Approach
Norbert Ritter, Proc. 1997 Symposium on Applied Computing, 1997, San Jose, California, pages 158-165.

Distributed Collaborative Writing Aid (DCWA)

On Computer Supported Collaborative Writing Tools for Distributed Environments
Kai H. Chang, Yu Gong, Tim Dollar, Shefali Gajiwala, Byong Lee, A. Wesley Wear, Proc. 1995 ACM 23rd Annual Conference on Computer Science, Nashville, TN, 1995, pages 222-229.

Database Management for Multimedia Distributed Collaborative Writing
A. Wesley Wear, Yu Gong, Kai H. Chang, Proc. 33rd Annual ACM Southeast Regional Conference, Clemson, South Carolina, 1995, pages 42-51.

Synchronous Asynchronous Structured Shared Editor (SASSE)

The User-Centered Iterative Design of Collaborative Writing Software
Ronald M. Baecker, Dimitrios Nastos, Ilona R. Posner, Kelly L. Mawby, Proc. 1993 SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 399-405, 1993.

SASSE: The Collaborative Editor
Ronald M. Baecker, Geoff Glass, Alex Mitchell, Ilona Posner, Conference Companion, Proc. 1994 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 459-460, 1994.

Operational Tranformation

An Integrating, Transformation-Oriented Approach to Concurrency Control and Undo in Group Editors
Matthias Ressel, Doris Nitsch-Ruhland, Rul Gunzenhauser, Proc. CSCW'96, Nov. 16-20, 1996, Cambridge, MA, pages 288-297.
Describes the adOPTed concurrency control algorithm (a member of the class of operational transformation algorithms), and its application in the Joint Emacs system.

Achieving Convergence, Causality Preservation, and Intention Preservation in Real-Time Cooperative Editing Systems
Chengzheng Sun, Xiaohua Jia, Yanchun Zhang, Yun Yang, David Chen, Trans. on Computer-Human Interaction, Vol. 5, No. 1, March 1998, pages 63-108.
Describes the GOT concurrency control algorithm. Has a nice related work section comparing GOT to other operational transformation algorthims (e.g., dOPT, adOPTed).

Operational Transformation in Real-Time Group Editors: Issues, Algorithms, and Achievements
Chengzheng Sun, Clarence (Skip) Ellis, Proc. CSCW'98, Seattle, WA, November 14-18, 1998, pages 59-68.

Operation Transforms for a Distributed Shared Spreadsheet
Christopher R. Palmer, Gordon V. Cormack, Proc. CSCW'98, Seattle, WA, November 14-18, 1998, pages 69-78.

Copies Convergence in a Distributed Real-Time Collaborative Environment
Nicolas Vidot, Michelle Cart, Jean Ferrie, Proc. CSCW'2000, Philadelphia, PA, Dec. 2-6, 2000, pages 171-180.

Consistency in Replicated Continuous Interactive Media
Martin Mauve, Proc. CSCW'2000, Philadelphia, PA, Dec. 2-6, 2000, pages 181-190.

Undo Any Operation at Any Time in Group Editors
Chengzheng Sun, Proc. CSCW'2000, Philadelphia, PA, Dec. 2-6, 2000, pages 191-200.

Web-based Collaborative Authoring

Challenges for Cooperative Work on the Web: An Analytical Approach
Alan Dix, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, Vol. 6, 1997, pages 135-156.

The World Wide Web as Enabling Technology for CSCW: The Case of BSCW
Richard Bentley, Thilo Hortstmann, Jonathan Trevor, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, Vol. 6, 1997, pages 111-134.

Structured Cooperative Authoring for the World Wide Web
Manual R. Salcedo, Dominique Decouchant, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, Vol. 6, 1997, pages 157-174.
Describes the Alliance system.

WebDAV: A network protocol for remote collaborative authoring on the Web
E. James Whitehead, Jr., Yaron Y. Goland, Proc. Sixth European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Sept. 12-16, 1999, Copenhagen, Denmark, pages 291-310.

Pinas (Platform for Interaction Naming and Storage)

BSCW (Basic Support for Collaborative Work)

Amaya Editor/Browser
World Wide Web Consortium

WebDAV (Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning
IETF WebDAV Working Group

DeltaV - Web Versioning and Configuration Management

Lightweight Browser-based Remote Authoring

WikiWikiWeb

TWiki
Google directory of Wiki resources

Blogger

Manilla

Sparrow Web

Requirements and Studies of Collaborative Authoring Systems

A Survey of Experiences of Collaborative Writing
E. E. Beck, Chapter 6 in Computer Supported Collaborative Writing, Ed. by Mike Sharples, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 87-112, 1993.

Learning to Write Together Using Groupware
Alex Mitchell, Ilona Posner, Ronald Baecker, Proc. 1995 SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Denver, Colorado, pp. 288-295, 1995.

Principles and Guidelines for Computer Systems to support Collaborative Writing: A Sociological Perspective
Rhona Louisa Newman, pp. 262-270. Complete citation unknown, is a book chapter, received copy without bibliographic information

Empirical study on collaborative writing: What do co-authors do, use, and like?
S. Noel, J-M Robert, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 63-89, 2004.

How the Web is Used to Support Collaborative Writing
S. Noel, J-M Robert, Behaviour & Information Technology, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 245-262, 2003.

Awareness and Coordination

Informed Opportunism as Strategy: Supporting Coordination in Distributed Collaborative Writing
Eevi E. Beck, Victoria M. W. Bellotti, Proc. Third European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Sept. 13-17, 1993, Milan, Italy, pages 233-248.

Awareness and Coordination in Shared Workspaces
Paul Dourish, Victoria Bellotti, Proc. CSCW'92, Nov. 1-4, 1992, Toronto, Canada, pages 107-114.

A Protocol for User Awareness on the World Wide Web
Kevin Palfreyman, Tom Rodden, Proc. CSCW'96, Nov. 16-20, 1996, Cambridge, MA, pages 130-139.

Notification Servers for Synchronous Groupware
John F. Patterson, Mark Day, Jakov Kucan, Proc. CSCW'96, Nov. 16-20, 1996, Cambridge, MA, pages 122-129.

CSCW'2000 Workshop on Awareness and the WWW

Notification for Shared Annotation of Digital Documents
A. J. Bernheim Brush, David Bargeron, Jonathan Grudin, Anoop Gupta, Proc. 2002 SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, pp. 89-96, 2002.

Remote Annotation Systems

Crit.org

E-Quill

Other Collections of Remote Authoring Resources

Sylvie Noel's Collaborative Writing Page

Unverified sources

This section contains references to materials on remote collaborative authoring that I have not been able to acquire and read.

@InProceedings{  newmanwolfe1991,
  author= {R.E. Newman-Wolfe and H.K. Pelimuhandiram},
  title= {MACE: A Fine Grained Concurrent Editor},
  booktitle= {Proc.\ ACM SIGOIS Conf.\ on Organizational Computing
    Systems},
  publisher= {New York: SIGOIS ACM},
  address= {Atlanta, GA},
  year= {1991},
  pages	= {240--254},
}

Computers and Writing: Issues and Implementations, Kluwer, 1992, M. Sharples ed. (Book)

Computer-Supported Collaborative Writing, Springer, 1992, M. Sharples ed. (Book)


Jim Whitehead <ejw@cse.ucsc.edu>
University of California, Santa Cruz

Last updated: December 19, 2006